He kūpono no nā kaiapuni e like mepale wai, pale ʻaila,UV kū'ē, kū'ē i ka wā, kū'ē anu, kū'ē kū'ē, kū'ēanaʻO kekahi mau ʻano hana electromagnetic maikaʻi (ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ʻeli ʻana,aka hoʻokomo ʻana ma lalo o ka neʻe pānaʻi, ʻoi loa i ka ʻenehana ʻoihana o nā manawa kulou pinepine, e like me nā ʻāpana maʻamau o kēia manawa i ke kaulahao a me ka ʻōnaehana logistic, ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele, ka ʻōnaehana automation mechanical.